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遗传算法实现TSP
clear;
clc;
tStart = tic; % 算法计时器
%%%%%%%%%%%%自定义参数%%%%%%%%%%%%%
[cityNum,cities] = Read('eil51.tsp');
cities = cities';
%cityNum = 100;
maxGEN = 120;
popSize = 100; % 遗传算法种群大小
crossoverProbabilty = 0.9; %交叉概率
mutationProbabilty = 0.1; %变异概率
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
gbest = Inf;
% 随机生成城市位置
%cities = rand(2,cityNum) * 100;%100是最远距离
% 计算上述生成的城市距离
distances = calculateDistance(cities);
% 生成种群,每个个体代表一个路径
pop = zeros(popSize, cityNum);
for i=1:popSize
pop(i,:) = randperm(cityNum);
end
offspring = zeros(popSize,cityNum);
%保存每代的最小路劲便于画图
minPathes = zeros(maxGEN,1);
% GA算法
for gen=1:maxGEN
% 计算适应度的值,即路径总距离
[fval, sumDistance, minPath, maxPath] = fitness(distances, pop);
% 轮盘赌选择
tournamentSize=4; %设置大小
for k=1:popSize
% 选择父代进行交叉
tourPopDistances=zeros( tournamentSize,1);
for i=1:tournamentSize
randomRow = randi(popSize);
tourPopDistances(i,1) = sumDistance(randomRow,1);
end
% 选择最好的,即距离最小的
parent1 = min(tourPopDistances);
[parent1X,parent1Y] = find(sumDistance==parent1,1, 'first');
parent1Path = pop(parent1X(1,1),:);
for i=1:tournamentSize
randomRow = randi(popSize);
tourPopDistances(i,1) = sumDistance(randomRow,1);
end
parent2 = min(tourPopDistances);
[parent2X,parent2Y] = find(sumDistance==parent2,1, 'first');
parent2Path = pop(parent2X(1,1),:);
subPath = crossover(parent1Path, parent2Path, crossoverProbabilty);%交叉
subPath = mutate(subPath, mutationProbabilty);%变异
offspring(k,:) = subPath(1,:);
minPathes(gen,1) = minPath;
end
fprintf('代数:%d 最短路径:%.2fKM \n', gen,minPath);
% 更新
pop = offspring;
% 画出当前状态下的最短路径
if minPath < gbest
gbest = minPath;
paint(cities, pop, gbest, sumDistance,gen);
end
end
figure
plot(minPathes, 'MarkerFaceColor', 'red','LineWidth',1);
title('收敛曲线图(每一代的最短路径)');
set(gca,'ytick',500:100:5000);
ylabel('路径长度');
xlabel('迭代次数');
grid on
tEnd = toc(tStart);
fprintf('时间:%d 分 %f 秒.\n', floor(tEnd/60), rem(tEnd,60));