SAP HANA Database - SQL参考手册.pdf

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源码名称：SAP HANA Database - SQL参考手册.pdf
源码大小：2.39M
文件格式：.pdf
开发语言：SQL
更新时间：2020-11-23
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源码介绍
目录
符号表示 .............................................................................................................................................. 12
引言...................................................................................................................................................... 13
SQL................................................................................................................................................ 13
支持的语言和代码页.................................................................................................................... 13
注释 .............................................................................................................................................. 13
标识符 .......................................................................................................................................... 13
单引号 .......................................................................................................................................... 14
双引号 .......................................................................................................................................... 14
SQL 保留字.................................................................................................................................... 14
数据类型 .............................................................................................................................................. 16
数据类型的分类........................................................................................................................... 16
日期时间类型............................................................................................................................... 16
Date 格式 .............................................................................................................................. 16
Time 格式.............................................................................................................................. 17
Timestamp 格式 .................................................................................................................... 18
日期/时间类型支持的函数：............................................................................................... 19
数字类型....................................................................................................................................... 20
字符类型....................................................................................................................................... 21
二进制类型................................................................................................................................... 22
大对象（LOB）类型..................................................................................................................... 22
SQL 数据类型和列存储数据类型之间的映射.............................................................................. 23
数据类型转换............................................................................................................................... 24
类型常量....................................................................................................................................... 27
谓词...................................................................................................................................................... 29
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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比较谓词....................................................................................................................................... 29
范围谓词....................................................................................................................................... 29
In 谓词 .......................................................................................................................................... 29
Exists 谓词..................................................................................................................................... 29
NULL 谓词..................................................................................................................................... 30
CONTAINS 谓词............................................................................................................................. 30
操作符.................................................................................................................................................. 33
一元和二元操作符 ....................................................................................................................... 33
操作符优先级............................................................................................................................... 33
算术操作符................................................................................................................................... 34
字符串操作符............................................................................................................................... 34
比较操作符................................................................................................................................... 35
逻辑操作符................................................................................................................................... 35
集合操作符................................................................................................................................... 35
表达式.................................................................................................................................................. 36
Case 表达式.................................................................................................................................. 36
Function 表达式............................................................................................................................ 36
Aggregate 表达式.......................................................................................................................... 37
表达式中的子查询 ....................................................................................................................... 37
SQL 函数............................................................................................................................................... 39
介绍 .............................................................................................................................................. 39
数据类型转换函数 ....................................................................................................................... 39
CAST ...................................................................................................................................... 39
TO_ALPHANUM ..................................................................................................................... 39
TO_BIGINT ............................................................................................................................. 40
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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TO_BINARY ............................................................................................................................ 40
TO_BLOB................................................................................................................................ 40
TO_CHAR ............................................................................................................................... 41
TO_CLOB................................................................................................................................ 41
TO_DATE................................................................................................................................ 41
TO_DATS................................................................................................................................ 42
TO_DECIMAL.......................................................................................................................... 42
TO_DOUBLE ........................................................................................................................... 43
TO_INT................................................................................................................................... 43
TO_INTEGER........................................................................................................................... 43
TO_NCHAR............................................................................................................................. 44
TO_NCLOB ............................................................................................................................. 44
TO_NVARCHAR ...................................................................................................................... 44
TO_REAL ................................................................................................................................ 45
TO_SECONDDATE................................................................................................................... 45
TO_SMALLDECIMAL ............................................................................................................... 45
TO_SMALLINT ........................................................................................................................ 46
TO_TIME ................................................................................................................................ 46
TO_TIMESTAMP ..................................................................................................................... 46
TO_TINYINT............................................................................................................................ 47
TO_VARCHAR......................................................................................................................... 47
日期时间函数............................................................................................................................... 47
ADD_DAYS ............................................................................................................................. 47
ADD_MONTHS ....................................................................................................................... 48
ADD_SECONDS....................................................................................................................... 48
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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ADD_YEARS............................................................................................................................ 48
CURRENT_DATE ..................................................................................................................... 49
CURRENT_TIME...................................................................................................................... 49
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP........................................................................................................... 49
CURRECT_UTCDATE ............................................................................................................... 50
CURRENT_UTCTIME ............................................................................................................... 50
CURRENT_UTCTIMESTAMP .................................................................................................... 50
DAYNAME .............................................................................................................................. 51
DAYOFMONTH ....................................................................................................................... 51
DAYOFYEAR............................................................................................................................ 51
DAYS_BETWEEN..................................................................................................................... 52
EXTRACT ................................................................................................................................ 52
HOUR..................................................................................................................................... 52
ISOWEEK................................................................................................................................ 53
LAST_DAY............................................................................................................................... 53
LOCALTOUTC.......................................................................................................................... 53
MINUTE ................................................................................................................................. 54
MONTH.................................................................................................................................. 54
MONTHNAME........................................................................................................................ 54
NEXT_DAY.............................................................................................................................. 55
NOW...................................................................................................................................... 55
QUARTER ............................................................................................................................... 55
SECOND ................................................................................................................................. 56
SECONDS_BETWEEN .............................................................................................................. 56
UTCTOLOCAL.......................................................................................................................... 56
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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WEEK ..................................................................................................................................... 57
WEEKDAY............................................................................................................................... 57
YEAR ...................................................................................................................................... 57
数字函数....................................................................................................................................... 58
ABS ........................................................................................................................................ 58
ACOS...................................................................................................................................... 58
ASIN....................................................................................................................................... 59
ATAN...................................................................................................................................... 59
ATAN2.................................................................................................................................... 59
BINTOHEX .............................................................................................................................. 60
BITAND .................................................................................................................................. 60
CEIL........................................................................................................................................ 60
COS........................................................................................................................................ 61
COSH...................................................................................................................................... 61
COT........................................................................................................................................ 61
EXP ........................................................................................................................................ 62
FLOOR.................................................................................................................................... 62
GREATEST .............................................................................................................................. 62
HEXTOBIN .............................................................................................................................. 63
LEAST..................................................................................................................................... 63
LN .......................................................................................................................................... 63
LOG........................................................................................................................................ 64
MOD ...................................................................................................................................... 64
POWER .................................................................................................................................. 65
ROUND .................................................................................................................................. 65
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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SIGN....................................................................................................................................... 65
SIN......................................................................................................................................... 66
SINH....................................................................................................................................... 66
SQRT...................................................................................................................................... 66
TAN........................................................................................................................................ 67
TANH ..................................................................................................................................... 67
UMINUS................................................................................................................................. 67
字符串函数................................................................................................................................... 68
ASCII ...................................................................................................................................... 68
CHAR...................................................................................................................................... 68
CONCAT ................................................................................................................................. 68
LCASE..................................................................................................................................... 69
LEFT ....................................................................................................................................... 69
LENGTH.................................................................................................................................. 69
LOCATE .................................................................................................................................. 70
LOWER................................................................................................................................... 70
LPAD...................................................................................................................................... 71
LTRIM..................................................................................................................................... 71
NCHAR ................................................................................................................................... 71
REPLACE................................................................................................................................. 72
RIGHT..................................................................................................................................... 72
RPAD...................................................................................................................................... 72
RTRIM.................................................................................................................................... 73
SUBSTR_AFTER....................................................................................................................... 73
SUBSTR_BEFORE .................................................................................................................... 74
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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SUBSTRING ............................................................................................................................ 74
TRIM ...................................................................................................................................... 74
UCASE.................................................................................................................................... 75
UNICODE................................................................................................................................ 75
UPPER.................................................................................................................................... 76
杂项函数....................................................................................................................................... 76
COALESCE .............................................................................................................................. 76
CURRENT_CONNECTION ........................................................................................................ 77
CURRENCT_SCHEMA.............................................................................................................. 77
CURRENT_USER ..................................................................................................................... 77
GROUPING_ID........................................................................................................................ 78
IFNULL ................................................................................................................................... 80
MAP....................................................................................................................................... 80
NULLIF ................................................................................................................................... 81
SESSION_CONTEXT................................................................................................................. 82
SESSION_USER ....................................................................................................................... 82
SYSUUID................................................................................................................................. 83
SQL 语句............................................................................................................................................... 85
集合定义和操纵语句.................................................................................................................... 85
ALTER AUDIT POLICY .............................................................................................................. 85
ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX .......................................................................................................... 87
ALTER INDEX .......................................................................................................................... 89
ALTER SEQUENCE................................................................................................................... 89
ALTER TABLE .......................................................................................................................... 91
CREATE AUDIT POLICY............................................................................................................ 99
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX ...................................................................................................... 101
CREATE INDEX...................................................................................................................... 103
CREATE SCHEMA.................................................................................................................. 104
CREATE SEQUENCE............................................................................................................... 105
CREATE SYNONYM ............................................................................................................... 107
CREATE TABLE...................................................................................................................... 107
CREATE TRIGGER.................................................................................................................. 115
CREATE VIEW ....................................................................................................................... 124
DROP AUDIT POLICY............................................................................................................. 125
DROP FULLTEXT INDEX ......................................................................................................... 126
DROP INDEX......................................................................................................................... 127
DROP SCHEMA..................................................................................................................... 127
DROP SEQUENCE.................................................................................................................. 128
DROP SYNONYM .................................................................................................................. 128
DROP TABLE......................................................................................................................... 129
DROP TRIGGER..................................................................................................................... 130
DROP VIEW .......................................................................................................................... 131
RENAME COLUMN ............................................................................................................... 132
RENAME INDEX .................................................................................................................... 132
RENAME TABLE .................................................................................................................... 133
ALTER TABLE ALTER TYPE ..................................................................................................... 134
TRUNCATE TABLE ................................................................................................................. 135
数据操纵语句：......................................................................................................................... 136
DELETE：............................................................................................................................. 136
EXPLAIN PLAN...................................................................................................................... 137
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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INSERT ................................................................................................................................. 141
LOAD.................................................................................................................................... 143
MERGE DELTA ...................................................................................................................... 143
REPLACE | UPSERT ............................................................................................................... 144
SELECT ................................................................................................................................. 146
UNLOAD............................................................................................................................... 158
UPDATE................................................................................................................................ 158
系统管理语句............................................................................................................................. 159
SET SYSTEM LICENSE ............................................................................................................ 159
ALTER SYSTEM ALTER CONFIGURATION ............................................................................... 160
ALTER SYSTEM ALTER SESSION SET....................................................................................... 162
ALTER SYSTEM ALTER SESSION UNSET.................................................................................. 162
ALTER SYSTEM CANCEL [WORK IN] SESSION......................................................................... 163
ALTER SYSTEM CLEAR SQL PLAN CACHE................................................................................ 164
ALTER SYSTEM CLEAR TRACES .............................................................................................. 164
ALTER SYSTEM DISCONNECT SESSION .................................................................................. 165
ALTER SYSTEM LOGGING...................................................................................................... 166
ALTER SYSTEM RECLAIM DATAVOLUME ............................................................................... 166
ALTER SYSTEM RECLAIM LOG ............................................................................................... 167
ALTER SYSTEM RECLAIM VERSION SPACE ............................................................................. 167
ALTER SYSTEM RECONFIGURE SERVICE................................................................................. 168
ALTER SYSTEM REMOVE TRACES .......................................................................................... 168
ALTER SYSTEM RESET MONITORING VIEW............................................................................ 169
ALTER SYSTEM SAVE PERFTRACE .......................................................................................... 170
ALTER SYSTEM SAVEPOINT................................................................................................... 171
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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ALTER SYSTEM START PERFTRACE ........................................................................................ 171
ALTER SYSTEM STOP PERFTRACE.......................................................................................... 172
ALTER SYSTEM STOP SERVICE............................................................................................... 172
UNSET SYSTEM LICENSE ALL ................................................................................................. 173
会话管理语句............................................................................................................................. 173
CONNECT............................................................................................................................. 173
SET HISTORY SESSION........................................................................................................... 173
SET SCHEMA ........................................................................................................................ 174
SET [SESSION]....................................................................................................................... 174
UNSET [SESSION].................................................................................................................. 175
事务管理语句............................................................................................................................. 176
COMMIT .............................................................................................................................. 176
LOCK TABLE.......................................................................................................................... 176
ROLLBACK ............................................................................................................................ 176
SET TRANSACTION................................................................................................................ 177
访问控制语句............................................................................................................................. 178
ALTER SAML PROVIDER ........................................................................................................ 178
ALTER USER.......................................................................................................................... 179
CREATE ROLE ....................................................................................................................... 182
CREATE SAML PROVIDER...................................................................................................... 183
CREATE USER ....................................................................................................................... 184
DROP ROLE .......................................................................................................................... 186
DROP SAML PROVIDER......................................................................................................... 187
DROP USER .......................................................................................................................... 187
GRANT ................................................................................................................................. 188
SAP HANA 数据库– SQL 参考手册
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REVOKE................................................................................................................................ 197
数据导入导出语句 ..................................................................................................................... 198
EXPORT ................................................................................................................................ 198
IMPORT................................................................................................................................ 200
IMPORT FROM ..................................................................................................................... 202
SQL 语句的限制.................................................................................................................................. 204
SQL 错误代码 ..................................................................................................................................... 207