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源码名称：SQL用户参考.pdf
源码大小：14.26M
文件格式：.pdf
开发语言：SQL
更新时间：2020-11-03
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源码介绍
目录 iii 关于本手册.................................................................................................... xiii SQL Anywhere Studio 文档 ................................................................................... xiv 文档约定............................................................................................................. xvii Adaptive Server Anywhere 示例数据库...................................................................xx 查找详细信息并提供反馈..................................................................................... xxi 1 SQL 语言元素 .................................................................................................. 3 关键字 ....................................................................................................................4 标识符 ....................................................................................................................8 字符串 ..................................................................................................................10 运算符 ..................................................................................................................12 表达式 ..................................................................................................................17 搜索条件...............................................................................................................25 特殊值 ..................................................................................................................36 变量......................................................................................................................42 注释......................................................................................................................52 NULL 值 ...............................................................................................................54 2 SQL 数据类型 ................................................................................................ 57 字符数据类型........................................................................................................58 Numeric 数据类型 .................................................................................................63 货币数据类型........................................................................................................71 BIT 数据类型 ........................................................................................................73 日期和时间数据类型.............................................................................................74 二进制数据类型....................................................................................................82 域..........................................................................................................................86 数据类型转换........................................................................................................88 Java 和 SQL 数据类型转换 ....................................................................................91 千年虫问题 ...........................................................................................................94 目录 iv 3 SQL 函数 ....................................................................................................... 99 函数类型.............................................................................................................100 按字母顺序排列的函数列表................................................................................115 4 SQL 语句 ..................................................................................................... 289 使用 SQL 语句参考.............................................................................................290 ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR 语句 [ESQL] ....................................................................294 ALTER DATABASE 语句 ...................................................................................296 ALTER DBSPACE 语句 ......................................................................................301 ALTER DOMAIN 语句........................................................................................303 ALTER EVENT 语句...........................................................................................304 ALTER FUNCTION 语句 ....................................................................................306 ALTER INDEX 语句 ...........................................................................................308 ALTER PROCEDURE 语句.................................................................................310 ALTER PUBLICATION 语句 ..............................................................................312 ALTER REMOTE MESSAGE TYPE 语句 [SQL Remote] ...........................................314 ALTER SERVER 语句.........................................................................................316 ALTER SERVICE 语句 .......................................................................................319 ALTER SYNCHRONIZATION SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [MobiLink] ...........................323 ALTER SYNCHRONIZATION USER 语句 [MobiLink] .............................................325 ALTER TABLE 语句...........................................................................................327 ALTER TRIGGER 语句.......................................................................................335 ALTER VIEW 语句.............................................................................................337 ALTER WRITEFILE 语句 （不建议使用）..........................................................339 BACKUP 语句 ....................................................................................................341 BEGIN 语句........................................................................................................346 BEGIN TRANSACTION 语句..............................................................................349 CALL 语句..........................................................................................................352 CASE 语句..........................................................................................................354 CHECKPOINT 语句 ............................................................................................357 CLEAR 语句 [Interactive SQL] ......................................................................................358 CLOSE 语句 [ESQL] [SP] ..............................................................................................359 COMMENT 语句.................................................................................................361 COMMIT 语句 ....................................................................................................363 CONFIGURE 语句 [Interactive SQL] ............................................................................365 CONNECT 语句 [ESQL] [Interactive SQL]...................................................................366 CREATE COMPRESSED DATABASE 语句 （不建议使用）...............................370 CREATE DATABASE 语句.................................................................................372 v CREATE DBSPACE 语句....................................................................................378 CREATE DECRYPTED FILE 语句.......................................................................380 CREATE DOMAIN 语句 .....................................................................................381 CREATE ENCRYPTED FILE 语句.......................................................................383 CREATE EVENT 语句 ........................................................................................385 CREATE EXISTING TABLE 语句 .......................................................................392 CREATE EXTERNLOGIN 语句...........................................................................395 CREATE FUNCTION 语句..................................................................................397 CREATE INDEX 语句.........................................................................................404 CREATE MESSAGE 语句 [T-SQL] ..............................................................................408 CREATE PROCEDURE 语句...............................................................................410 CREATE PROCEDURE 语句 [T-SQL] .........................................................................419 CREATE PUBLICATION 语句 ............................................................................421 CREATE REMOTE MESSAGE TYPE 语句 [SQL Remote] ........................................424 CREATE SCHEMA 语句 .....................................................................................426 CREATE SERVER 语句 ......................................................................................428 CREATE SERVICE 语句 .....................................................................................431 CREATE STATISTICS 语句 ................................................................................435 CREATE SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [SQL Remote]...........................................................436 CREATE SYNCHRONIZATION SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [MobiLink] ........................438 CREATE SYNCHRONIZATION USER 语句 [MobiLink]...........................................441 CREATE TABLE 语句.........................................................................................444 CREATE TRIGGER 语句.....................................................................................457 CREATE TRIGGER 语句 [SQL Remote]......................................................................461 CREATE TRIGGER 语句 [T-SQL]................................................................................464 CREATE VARIABLE 语句..................................................................................466 CREATE VIEW 语句...........................................................................................467 CREATE WRITEFILE 语句 （不建议使用）........................................................469 DEALLOCATE 语句 ...........................................................................................471 DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR 语句 [ESQL] ...............................................................472 声明部分 [ESQL]............................................................................................................473 DECLARE 语句...................................................................................................474 DECLARE CURSOR 语句 [ESQL] [SP] .......................................................................475 DECLARE CURSOR 语句 [T-SQL] ..............................................................................480 DECLARE LOCAL TEMPORARY TABLE 语句..................................................482 DELETE 语句......................................................................................................484 DELETE （定位）语句 [ESQL] [SP]............................................................................487 DESCRIBE 语句 [ESQL]................................................................................................489 vi DISCONNECT 语句 [ESQL] [Interactive SQL] ............................................................493 DROP 语句 .........................................................................................................494 DROP DATABASE 语句 .....................................................................................496 DROP CONNECTION 语句.................................................................................497 DROP EXTERNLOGIN 语句...............................................................................498 DROP PUBLICATION 语句 ................................................................................499 DROP REMOTE MESSAGE TYPE 语句 [SQL Remote] .............................................500 DROP SERVER 语句...........................................................................................501 DROP SERVICE 语句 .........................................................................................502 DROP STATEMENT 语句 [ESQL]................................................................................503 DROP STATISTICS 语句 ....................................................................................504 DROP SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [SQL Remote]................................................................505 DROP SYNCHRONIZATION SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [MobiLink] .............................506 DROP SYNCHRONIZATION USER 语句 [MobiLink]................................................507 DROP VARIABLE 语句 ......................................................................................508 EXCEPT 操作 .....................................................................................................509 EXECUTE 语句 [ESQL].................................................................................................511 EXECUTE 语句 [T-SQL] ...............................................................................................513 EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 语句 [SP] ..............................................................................515 EXIT 语句 [Interactive SQL] ..........................................................................................518 EXPLAIN 语句 [ESQL]..................................................................................................520 FETCH 语句 [ESQL] [SP] ..............................................................................................522 FOR 语句............................................................................................................527 FORWARD TO 语句 ...........................................................................................529 FROM 子句.........................................................................................................531 GET DATA 语句 [ESQL] ...............................................................................................538 GET DESCRIPTOR 语句 [ESQL]..................................................................................541 GET OPTION 语句 [ESQL]............................................................................................543 GOTO 语句 [T-SQL].......................................................................................................545 GRANT 语句.......................................................................................................546 GRANT CONSOLIDATE 语句 [SQL Remote] .............................................................551 GRANT PUBLISH 语句 [SQL Remote].........................................................................553 GRANT REMOTE 语句 [SQL Remote].........................................................................554 GRANT REMOTE DBA 语句 [SQL Remote] ...............................................................557 GROUP BY 子句.................................................................................................558 HELP 语句 [Interactive SQL] .........................................................................................561 IF 语句................................................................................................................562 IF 语句 [T-SQL] ..............................................................................................................564 vii INCLUDE 语句 [ESQL] .................................................................................................566 INPUT 语句 [Interactive SQL] .......................................................................................567 INSERT 语句.......................................................................................................572 INSTALL JAVA 语句..........................................................................................576 INTERSECT 操作................................................................................................579 LEAVE 语句 .......................................................................................................581 LOAD STATISTICS 语句 ....................................................................................583 LOAD TABLE 语句.............................................................................................584 LOCK TABLE 语句.............................................................................................592 LOOP 语句..........................................................................................................594 MESSAGE 语句 ..................................................................................................596 OPEN 语句 [ESQL] [SP] ................................................................................................600 OUTPUT 语句 [Interactive SQL] ...................................................................................603 PARAMETERS 语句 [Interactive SQL].........................................................................608 PASSTHROUGH 语句 [SQL Remote]...........................................................................609 PREPARE 语句 [ESQL] .................................................................................................610 PREPARE TO COMMIT 语句..............................................................................613 PRINT 语句 [T-SQL] ......................................................................................................614 PUT 语句 [ESQL] ...........................................................................................................615 RAISERROR 语句 [T-SQL] ...........................................................................................617 READ 语句 [Interactive SQL] ........................................................................................619 READTEXT 语句 [T-SQL] ............................................................................................621 RELEASE SAVEPOINT 语句 ..............................................................................622 REMOTE RESET 语句 [SQL Remote] ..........................................................................623 REMOVE JAVA 语句..........................................................................................624 REORGANIZE TABLE 语句................................................................................625 RESIGNAL 语句 .................................................................................................627 RESTORE DATABASE 语句...............................................................................628 RESUME 语句.....................................................................................................630 RETURN 语句.....................................................................................................631 REVOKE 语句.....................................................................................................633 REVOKE CONSOLIDATE 语句 [SQL Remote]...........................................................636 REVOKE PUBLISH 语句 [SQL Remote]......................................................................637 REVOKE REMOTE 语句 [SQL Remote] ......................................................................639 REVOKE REMOTE DBA 语句 [SQL Remote].............................................................640 ROLLBACK 语句................................................................................................641 ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT 语句 .....................................................................642 ROLLBACK TRANSACTION 语句 .....................................................................643 viii ROLLBACK TRIGGER 语句...............................................................................645 SAVE TRANSACTION 语句 ...............................................................................646 SAVEPOINT 语句...............................................................................................647 SELECT 语句......................................................................................................648 SET 语句.............................................................................................................655 SET 语句 [T-SQL]...........................................................................................................657 SET CONNECTION 语句 [Interactive SQL] [ESQL]....................................................661 SET DESCRIPTOR 语句 [ESQL] ..................................................................................662 SET OPTION 语句 ..............................................................................................664 SET OPTION 语句 [Interactive SQL].............................................................................667 SET REMOTE OPTION 语句 [SQL Remote]................................................................668 SET SQLCA 语句 [ESQL]..............................................................................................670 SETUSER 语句 ...................................................................................................672 SIGNAL 语句......................................................................................................674 START DATABASE 语句 [Interactive SQL] ................................................................675 START ENGINE 语句 [Interactive SQL].......................................................................677 START JAVA 语句 .............................................................................................678 START LOGGING 语句 [Interactive SQL] ...................................................................679 START SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [SQL Remote]..............................................................680 START SYNCHRONIZATION DELETE 语句 [MobiLink].........................................682 STOP DATABASE 语句......................................................................................684 STOP ENGINE 语句............................................................................................686 STOP JAVA 语句................................................................................................687 STOP LOGGING 语句 [Interactive SQL] ......................................................................688 STOP SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [SQL Remote].................................................................689 STOP SYNCHRONIZATION DELETE 语句 [MobiLink]............................................690 SYNCHRONIZE SUBSCRIPTION 语句 [SQL Remote] ..............................................692 SYSTEM 语句 [Interactive SQL]....................................................................................694 TRIGGER EVENT 语句.......................................................................................695 TRUNCATE TABLE 语句 ...................................................................................696 UNION 操作 .......................................................................................................698 UNLOAD 语句....................................................................................................700 UNLOAD TABLE 语句 .......................................................................................702 UPDATE 语句.....................................................................................................705 UPDATE （定位）语句 [ESQL] [SP] ...........................................................................710 UPDATE 语句 [SQL Remote] ........................................................................................712 VALIDATE CHECKSUM 语句............................................................................715 VALIDATE INDEX 语句.....................................................................................716 ix VALIDATE TABLE 语句 ....................................................................................717 WAITFOR 语句...................................................................................................719 WHENEVER 语句 [ESQL] ............................................................................................722 WHILE 语句 [T-SQL].....................................................................................................724 WRITETEXT 语句 [T-SQL]...........................................................................................725 5 系统表.......................................................................................................... 729 DUMMY 系统表 .................................................................................................730 RowGenerator 系统表 ..........................................................................................731 SYSARTICLE 系统表..........................................................................................732 SYSARTICLECOL 系统表...................................................................................733 SYSATTRIBUTE 系统表.....................................................................................734 SYSATTRIBUTENAME 系统表 ..........................................................................737 SYSCAPABILITY 系统表....................................................................................738 SYSCAPABILITYNAME 系统表.........................................................................739 SYSCHECK 系统表.............................................................................................740 SYSCOLLATION 系统表 ....................................................................................741 SYSCOLLATIONMAPPINGS 系统表 ..................................................................742 SYSCOLPERM 系统表........................................................................................743 SYSCOLSTAT 系统表.........................................................................................744 SYSCOLUMN 系统表 .........................................................................................746 SYSCONSTRAINT 系统表 ..................................................................................749 SYSDOMAIN 系统表 ..........................................................................................751 SYSEVENT 系统表 .............................................................................................752 SYSEVENTTYPE 系统表 ....................................................................................754 SYSEXTENT 系统表...........................................................................................755 SYSEXTERNLOGINS 系统表..............................................................................756 SYSFILE 系统表 .................................................................................................757 SYSFKCOL 系统表 .............................................................................................758 SYSFOREIGNKEY 系统表..................................................................................759 SYSGROUP 系统表.............................................................................................761 SYSHISTORY 系统表 .........................................................................................762 SYSINDEX 系统表..............................................................................................764 SYSINFO 系统表 （不建议使用）.......................................................................766 SYSIXCOL 系统表..............................................................................................768 SYSJAR 系统表...................................................................................................769 SYSJARCOMPONENT 系统表 ............................................................................770 SYSJAVACLASS 系统表.....................................................................................771 x SYSLOGIN 系统表..............................................................................................773 SYSOPTBLOCK 系统表......................................................................................774 SYSOPTION 系统表............................................................................................775 SYSOPTJOINSTRATEGY 系统表 .......................................................................776 SYSOPTORDER 系统表......................................................................................777 SYSOPTQUANTIFIER 系统表 ............................................................................778 SYSOPTREQUEST 系统表..................................................................................779 SYSOPTREWRITE 系统表..................................................................................780 SYSOPTSTAT 系统表.........................................................................................781 SYSPROCEDURE 系统表 ...................................................................................782 SYSPROCPARM 系统表 .....................................................................................784 SYSPROCPERM 系统表......................................................................................786 SYSPUBLICATION 系统表.................................................................................787 SYSREMOTEOPTION 系统表.............................................................................788 SYSREMOTEOPTIONTYPE 系统表....................................................................789 SYSREMOTETYPE 系统表.................................................................................790 SYSREMOTEUSER 系统表.................................................................................791 SYSSCHEDULE 系统表......................................................................................793 SYSSERVERS 系统表.........................................................................................795 SYSSQLSERVERTYPE 系统表 ...........................................................................796 SYSSUBSCRIPTION 系统表 ...............................................................................797 SYSSYNC 系统表 ...............................................................................................798 SYSTABLE 系统表 .............................................................................................800 SYSTABLEPERM 系统表 ...................................................................................803 SYSTRIGGER 系统表 .........................................................................................805 SYSTYPEMAP 系统表........................................................................................808 SYSUSERMESSAGES 系统表.............................................................................809 SYSUSERPERM 系统表......................................................................................810 SYSUSERTYPE 系统表.......................................................................................812 SYSWEBSERVICE 系统表..................................................................................814 其它系统表.........................................................................................................816 6 系统视图 ...................................................................................................... 819 简介....................................................................................................................820 Transact-SQL 兼容性视图....................................................................................831 7 系统过程和函数 ........................................................................................... 835 系统过程概述 .....................................................................................................836 xi 系统和分类存储过程...........................................................................................837 系统扩展存储过程 ..............................................................................................916 Adaptive Server Enterprise 系统和分类过程..........................................................928 索引.............................................................................................................. 931