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ISO 12207-2017 软件生存周期过程

【目录】

Contents Page
Foreword ......................................................................................................................................................................................... vi
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................. vii
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Field of application ........................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.4 Limitations ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2
2 Normative references ................................................................................................................................................... 2
3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviated terms ........................................................................................................... 2
3.1 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................. 2
3.2 Abbreviated terms ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
4 Conformance ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
4.1 Intended usage ............................................................................................................................................................. 11
4.2 Full conformance ......................................................................................................................................................... 12
4.2.1 Full conformance to outcomes ................................................................................................................................ 12
4.2.2 Full conformance to tasks ........................................................................................................................................ 12
4.3 Tailored conformance ............................................................................................................................................... 12
5 Key concepts and application .................................................................................................................................. 13
5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 13
5.2 Software system concepts ........................................................................................................................................ 13
5.2.1 Software systems ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.2.2 Software system structure ....................................................................................................................................... 13
5.2.3 Enabling systems ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.2.4 Life cycle processes for the software system ..................................................................................................... 16
5.3 Organization and project concepts ........................................................................................................................ 16
5.3.1 Organizations ............................................................................................................................................................... 16
5.3.2 Organization and project-level adoption ............................................................................................................ 17
5.4 Life cycle concepts ...................................................................................................................................................... 17
5.4.1 Software life cycle stages .......................................................................................................................................... 17
5.4.2 Life cycle model for the software system ............................................................................................................ 17
5.5 Process concepts ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
5.5.1 Criteria for processes ................................................................................................................................................. 19
5.5.2 Description of processes ........................................................................................................................................... 19
5.5.3 General characteristics of processes .................................................................................................................... 19
5.5.4 Tailoring ......................................................................................................................................................................... 19
5.6 Process groups ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................. 19
5.6.2 Agreement processes ................................................................................................................................................. 21
5.6.3 Organizational project-enabling processes ........................................................................................................ 22
5.6.4 Technical Management processes ......................................................................................................................... 22
5.6.5 Technical processes ................................................................................................................................................... 22
5.7 Process application .................................................................................................................................................... 22
5.8 Process reference model .......................................................................................................................................... 23
6 Software life cycle processes ................................................................................................................................... 24
6.1 Agreement processes ................................................................................................................................................. 24
6.1.1 Acquisition process .................................................................................................................................................... 24
6.1.2 Supply process ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
6.2 Organizational Project-Enabling processes ....................................................................................................... 28
6.2.1 Life cycle model management process ................................................................................................................. 29
6.2.2 Infrastructure Management process .................................................................................................................... 30
6.2.3 Portfolio Management process ............................................................................................................................... 31
6.2.4 Human Resource Management process ............................................................................................................... 33
Authorized licensed use limited to: Burapha University provided by UniNet. Downloaded on January 08,2018 at 04:42:14 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. 
ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017(E)
iv	
©	ISO/IEC	2017	–	All	rights	reserved	
©	IEEE	2017	–	All	rights	reserved	
6.2.5 Quality Management process ................................................................................................................................... 34
6.2.6 Knowledge Management process ........................................................................................................................... 36
6.3 Technical Management processes .......................................................................................................................... 37
6.3.1 Project Planning process ........................................................................................................................................... 38
6.3.2 Project assessment and control process .............................................................................................................. 40
6.3.3 Decision Management process ................................................................................................................................ 43
6.3.4 Risk Management process ........................................................................................................................................ 44
6.3.5 Configuration Management process ...................................................................................................................... 46
6.3.6 Information Management process ......................................................................................................................... 50
6.3.7 Measurement process ................................................................................................................................................ 52
6.3.8 Quality Assurance process ........................................................................................................................................ 53
6.4 Technical processes .................................................................................................................................................... 55
6.4.1 Business or Mission Analysis process ................................................................................................................... 56
6.4.2 Stakeholder Needs and Requirements Definition process ............................................................................ 59
6.4.3 System/Software requirements definition process ......................................................................................... 63
6.4.4 Architecture Definition process .............................................................................................................................. 66
6.4.5 Design Definition process ......................................................................................................................................... 71
6.4.6 System Analysis process ............................................................................................................................................ 74
6.4.7 Implementation process ........................................................................................................................................... 75
6.4.8 Integration process ..................................................................................................................................................... 79
6.4.9 Verification process .................................................................................................................................................... 82
6.4.10 Transition process....................................................................................................................................................... 85
6.4.11 Validation process ....................................................................................................................................................... 89
6.4.12 Operation process ....................................................................................................................................................... 92
6.4.13 Maintenance process .................................................................................................................................................. 95
6.4.14 Disposal process .......................................................................................................................................................... 99
Annex A	(normative)		 Tailoring process ........................................................................................................................... 102
A.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 102
A.2 Tailoring process ...................................................................................................................................................... 102
A.2.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................................................ 102
A.2.2 Outcomes ..................................................................................................................................................................... 102
A.2.3 Activities and tasks .................................................................................................................................................. 102
Annex B	(informative)			Examples of process information items ............................................................................... 104
Annex C	(informative)			Process Reference Model for assessment purposes ......................................................... 107
C.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 107
C.2 Conformance with ISO/IEC 33004 ....................................................................................................................... 107
C.2.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................................... 107
C.2.2 Requirements for process reference models .................................................................................................. 107
C.2.3 Process descriptions ................................................................................................................................................ 108
C.3 The process reference model ............................................................................................................................... 108
Annex D	(informative)		Process integration and process constructs ........................................................................ 109
D.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 109
D.2 Process constructs and their usage .................................................................................................................... 109
Annex E	(informative)			Process views ................................................................................................................................ 111
E.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 111
E.2 The process view concept ...................................................................................................................................... 111
E.3 Process viewpoint .................................................................................................................................................... 111
E.4 Process view for specialty engineering ............................................................................................................. 112
E.5 Process view for interface management ........................................................................................................... 114
E.6 Process view for software assurance (Information security) .................................................................... 116
Annex F	(informative)		Software system architecture modelling .............................................................................. 120
F.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................... 120
F.2 Views, models and model kinds used in software system architecture ................................................. 120
F.2.1 Functional model ...................................................................................................................................................... 120
F.2.2 Static model ................................................................................................................................................................ 121
F.2.3 Data model .................................................................................................................................................................. 121
F.2.4 Behavioral model ...................................................................................................................................................... 121
F.2.5 Temporal model ........................................................................................................................................................ 121
F.2.6 Structural model ....................................................................................................................................................... 121
Authorized licensed use limited to: Burapha University provided by UniNet. Downloaded on January 08,2018 at 04:42:14 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply. 
ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017(E)
v	
©	ISO/IEC	2017	–	All	rights	reserved	
©	IEEE	2017	–	All	rights	reserved
F.2.7 Network model .......................................................................................................................................................... 121
F.3 Other model considerations .................................................................................................................................. 121
Annex G	(informative)		 Application of software life cycle processes to a system of systems ........................... 123
G.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................ 123
G.2 SoS characteristics and types ................................................................................................................................ 123
G.3 SE processes applied to systems of systems ..................................................................................................... 124
G.3.1 General ......................................................................................................................................................................... 124
G.3.2 Agreement processes ............................................................................................................................................... 124
G.3.3 Organizational project enabling processes ...................................................................................................... 124
G.3.4 Technical management processes ....................................................................................................................... 125
G.3.5 Technical processes ................................................................................................................................................. 125
Annex H	(informative) Application of Agile ..................................................................................................................... 127
Annex I	(informative) Process Mapping from ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2008 ............................................................. 129
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................... 143
List of Illustrations
Figure 1 —Software system and software system element relationship ................................................................. 14
Figure 2 —Example of software system-of-interest structure ..................................................................................... 14
Figure 3 —Software system-of-interest, its operational environment and enabling systems .......................... 15
Figure 4 —Software life cycle processes ............................................................................................................................. 21
Table B.1 — Sample information items by process ....................................................................................................... 104
Figure D.1 — ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 and ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015 process constructs ......................... 110
Table G.1 — System of Systems types ................................................................................................................................ 123
Table I.1 — Comparison of processes in ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 and the previous edition ...................... 129
Table I.2 — Comparison of process outcomes in ISO/IEC/IEEE 12207:2017 and software-related
outcomes in the previous edition ........................................................................................................................ 131