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高质量C C 编程指南_林锐.pdf

目 录
前 言 .......................................................................................................................................6
第 1 章 文件结构....................................................................................................................8
1.1 版权和版本的声明........................................................................................................8
1.2 头文件的结构 ...............................................................................................................8
1.3 定义文件的结构 ...........................................................................................................8
1.4 头文件的作用 ...............................................................................................................8
1.5 目录结构 .......................................................................................................................8
第 2 章 程序的版式................................................................................................................8
2.1 空行 ...............................................................................................................................8
2.2 代码行 ...........................................................................................................................8
2.3 代码行内的空格 ...........................................................................................................8
2.4 对齐 ...............................................................................................................................8
2.5 长行拆分 .......................................................................................................................8
2.6 修饰符的位置 ...............................................................................................................8
2.7 注释 ...............................................................................................................................8
2.8 类的版式 .......................................................................................................................8
第 3 章 命名规则....................................................................................................................8
3.1 共性规则 .......................................................................................................................8
3.2 简单的 WINDOWS 应用程序命名规则 .........................................................................8
3.3 简单的 UNIX 应用程序命名规则..................................................................................8
第 4 章 表达式和基本语句 ....................................................................................................8
4.1 运算符的优先级 ...........................................................................................................8
4.2 复合表达式 ...................................................................................................................8
4.3 IF 语句 ...........................................................................................................................8
4.4 循环语句的效率 ...........................................................................................................8
4.5 FOR 语句的循环控制变量 ............................................................................................8
4.6 SWITCH 语句 ..................................................................................................................8
4.7 GOTO 语句......................................................................................................................8
第 5 章 常量............................................................................................................................8
5.1 为什么需要常量 ...........................................................................................................8
5.2 CONST 与 #DEFINE 的比较 ...........................................................................................8
5.3 常量定义规则 ...............................................................................................................8
5.4 类中的常量 ...................................................................................................................8
第 6 章 函数设计....................................................................................................................8 
高质量 C  /C 编程指南，v 1.0
2001 Page 4 of 101
6.1 参数的规则 ...................................................................................................................8
6.2 返回值的规则 ...............................................................................................................8
6.3 函数内部实现的规则....................................................................................................8
6.4 其它建议 .......................................................................................................................8
6.5 使用断言 .......................................................................................................................8
6.6 引用与指针的比较........................................................................................................8
第 7 章 内存管理....................................................................................................................8
7.1 内存分配方式 ................................................................................................................8
7.2 常见的内存错误及其对策.............................................................................................8
7.3 指针与数组的对比 ........................................................................................................8
7.4 指针参数是如何传递内存的？.....................................................................................8
7.5 FREE 和 DELETE 把指针怎么啦？.................................................................................8
7.6 动态内存会被自动释放吗？ ........................................................................................8
7.7 杜绝“野指针” ...........................................................................................................8
7.8 有了 MALLOC/FREE 为什么还要 NEW/DELETE ？.......................................................8
7.9 内存耗尽怎么办？........................................................................................................8
7.10 MALLOC/FREE 的使用要点 .........................................................................................8
7.11 NEW/DELETE 的使用要点 ...........................................................................................8
7.12 一些心得体会 .............................................................................................................8
第 8 章 C  函数的高级特性 .................................................................................................8
8.1 函数重载的概念 ...........................................................................................................8
8.2 成员函数的重载、覆盖与隐藏 ....................................................................................8
8.3 参数的缺省值 ...............................................................................................................8
8.4 运算符重载 ...................................................................................................................8
8.5 函数内联 .......................................................................................................................8
8.6 一些心得体会 ...............................................................................................................8
第 9 章 类的构造函数、析构函数与赋值函数 .....................................................................8
9.1 构造函数与析构函数的起源 ........................................................................................8
9.2 构造函数的初始化表....................................................................................................8
9.3 构造和析构的次序........................................................................................................8
9.4 示例：类 STRING 的构造函数与析构函数 ..................................................................8
9.5 不要轻视拷贝构造函数与赋值函数 ............................................................................8
9.6 示例：类 STRING 的拷贝构造函数与赋值函数 ..........................................................8
9.7 偷懒的办法处理拷贝构造函数与赋值函数.................................................................8
9.8 如何在派生类中实现类的基本函数 ............................................................................8
9.9 一些心得体会 ...............................................................................................................8
第 10 章 类的继承与组合 ......................................................................................................8 
高质量 C  /C 编程指南，v 1.0
2001 Page 5 of 101
10.1 继承 .............................................................................................................................8
10.2 组合 .............................................................................................................................8
第 11 章 其它编程经验 ..........................................................................................................8
11.1 使用 CONST 提高函数的健壮性..................................................................................8
11.2 提高程序的效率..........................................................................................................8
11.3 一些有益的建议..........................................................................................................8
参考文献 .................................................................................................................................8
附录 A ：C  /C 代码审查表 ................................................................................................8
附录 B ：C  /C 试题 ............................................................................................................8
附录 C ：C  /C 试题的答案与评分标准.............................................................................8