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   源码介绍

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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace SimpleChart
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        private List<Point> dataPoints = new List<Point>();
        private PointCollection coordinatePoints = new PointCollection();
        private List<Ellipse> pointEllipses = new List<Ellipse>();

        Polyline curvePolyline = new Polyline();

        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            curvePolyline.Stroke = Brushes.Green;
            curvePolyline.StrokeThickness = 2;

            DrawScale();
            DrawScaleLabel();
            DrawPoint();
            DrawCurve();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 作出箭头
        /// </summary>
        private void DrawArrow()
        {
            Path x_axisArrow = new Path();//x轴箭头
            Path y_axisArrow = new Path();//y轴箭头

            x_axisArrow.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xff, 0, 0));
            y_axisArrow.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xff, 0, 0));

            PathFigure x_axisFigure = new PathFigure();
            x_axisFigure.IsClosed = true;
            x_axisFigure.StartPoint = new Point(480, 276);                          //路径的起点
            x_axisFigure.Segments.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(480, 284), false)); //第2个点
            x_axisFigure.Segments.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(490, 280), false)); //第3个点

            PathFigure y_axisFigure = new PathFigure();
            y_axisFigure.IsClosed = true;
            y_axisFigure.StartPoint = new Point(36, 30);                          //路径的起点
            y_axisFigure.Segments.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(44, 30), false)); //第2个点
            y_axisFigure.Segments.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(40, 20), false)); //第3个点

            PathGeometry x_axisGeometry = new PathGeometry();
            PathGeometry y_axisGeometry = new PathGeometry();

            x_axisGeometry.Figures.Add(x_axisFigure);
            y_axisGeometry.Figures.Add(y_axisFigure);

            x_axisArrow.Data = x_axisGeometry;
            y_axisArrow.Data = y_axisGeometry;

            this.chartCanvas.Children.Add(x_axisArrow);
            this.chartCanvas.Children.Add(y_axisArrow);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 作出x轴和y轴的标尺
        /// </summary>
        private void DrawScale()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 45; i  = 1)//作480个刻度，因为当前x轴长 480px，每10px作一个小刻度，还预留了一些小空间
            {
                //原点 O=(40,280)
                Line x_scale = new Line();
                x_scale.StrokeEndLineCap = PenLineCap.Triangle;
                x_scale.StrokeThickness = 1;
                x_scale.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0));

                x_scale.X1 = 40   i * 10;   //原点x=40,每10px作1个刻度
                x_scale.X2 = x_scale.X1;    //在x轴上的刻度线，起点和终点相同

                x_scale.Y1 = 280;           //与原点坐标的y=280，相同 
                if (i % 5 == 0)//每5个刻度添加一个大刻度
                {
                    x_scale.StrokeThickness = 3;//把刻度线加粗一点
                    x_scale.Y2 = x_scale.Y1 - 8;//刻度线长度为8px 
                }
                else
                {
                    x_scale.Y2 = x_scale.Y1 - 4;//刻度线长度为4px 
                }

                if (i < 25)//由于y轴短一些，所以在此作出判断，只作25个刻度
                {
                    //作出Y轴的刻度
                    Line y_scale = new Line();
                    y_scale.StrokeEndLineCap = PenLineCap.Triangle;
                    y_scale.StrokeThickness = 1;
                    y_scale.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0));

                    y_scale.X1 = 40;            //原点x=40，在y轴上的刻度线的起点与原点相同
                    if (i % 5 == 0)
                    {
                        y_scale.StrokeThickness = 3;
                        y_scale.X2 = y_scale.X1   8;//刻度线长度为4px 
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        y_scale.X2 = y_scale.X1   4;//刻度线长度为8px 
                    }

                    y_scale.Y1 = 280 - i * 10;  //每10px作一个刻度 
                    y_scale.Y2 = y_scale.Y1;    //起点和终点y坐标相同 
                    this.chartCanvas.Children.Add(y_scale);
                }
                this.chartCanvas.Children.Add(x_scale);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加刻度标签
        /// </summary>
        private void DrawScaleLabel()
        {
            for (int i = 1; i < 7; i  )//7 个标签，一共
            {
                TextBlock x_ScaleLabel = new TextBlock();
                TextBlock y_ScaleLabel = new TextBlock();

                x_ScaleLabel.Text = (i * 50).ToString();//只给大刻度添加标签，每50px添加一个标签

                Canvas.SetLeft(x_ScaleLabel, 40   5 * 10 * i - 12);//40是原点的坐标，-12是为了让标签看的位置剧中一点
                Canvas.SetTop(x_ScaleLabel, 280   2);//让标签字往下移一点

                y_ScaleLabel.Text = (i * 50).ToString();
                Canvas.SetLeft(y_ScaleLabel, 40 - 25);              //-25px是字体大小的偏移
                Canvas.SetTop(y_ScaleLabel, 280 - 5 * 10 * i - 6);  //280px是原点的坐标，同样-6是为了让标签不要上坐标轴叠上

                this.chartCanvas.Children.Add(x_ScaleLabel);
                this.chartCanvas.Children.Add(y_ScaleLabel);
            }
        }

        private void DrawPoint()
        {
            //随机生成8个点
            Random rPoint = new Random();
            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i  )
            {
                int x_point = i * 50;
                int y_point = rPoint.Next(250);
                dataPoints.Add(new Point(x_point, y_point));
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < dataPoints.Count; i  )
            {
                Ellipse dataEllipse = new Ellipse();
                dataEllipse.Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0xff));
                dataEllipse.Width = 8;
                dataEllipse.Height = 8;

                pointEllipses.Add(dataEllipse);

                Canvas.SetLeft(pointEllipses[i], 40   dataPoints[i].X - 4);//-4是为了补偿圆点的大小，到精确的位置
                Canvas.SetTop(pointEllipses[i], 280 - dataPoints[i].Y - 4);
                //将数据点在画布中的位置保存下来
                coordinatePoints.Add(new Point(40   dataPoints[i].X, 280 - dataPoints[i].Y));
                chartCanvas.Children.Add(pointEllipses[i]);
            }        
        }

        private void DrawCurve()
        {
            curvePolyline.Points = coordinatePoints;
            chartCanvas.Children.Add(curvePolyline);
        }
        private void AddCurvePoint(Point dataPoint)
        {
            dataPoints.RemoveAt(0);
            dataPoints.Add(dataPoint);
            for (int i = 0; i < dataPoints.Count; i  )
            {
                //每一个点的X数据都要向左移动50px
                dataPoints[i] = new Point(dataPoints[i].X - 50, dataPoints[i].Y);
                coordinatePoints[i] = new Point(40   dataPoints[i].X, 280 - dataPoints[i].Y);
                
                Canvas.SetLeft(pointEllipses[i], 40   dataPoints[i].X - 4);//-4是为了补偿圆点的大小，到精确的位置
                Canvas.SetTop(pointEllipses[i], 280 - dataPoints[i].Y - 4);
            }
        }

        private void chartCanvas_MouseDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        {
            //随机生成Y坐标
            Point dataPoint = new Point(400, (new Random()).Next(250));

            AddCurvePoint(dataPoint);
        }
    }
}